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How did paintings get much more realistic after about 1430?

Artist David Hockney argues they used mirrors and lenses to project an image they could trace to get proportions, perspective, and features correct.  Compare the Madonna and Child by Taddeo di Bartolo from about 1400 with the portrait around the corner by the atrium stairs of Margherita di Cosima by Justus Suttermans from 1626-30.  Beyond the more realistic features, notice how her collar goes out of focus.  Your eye wouldn’t see it that way at such a short distance.  That’s the result of using lenses that can create shallow depth-of-field, or shallow zones of focus.

– from David Hockney, Secret Knowledge.

What do you think of Hockney’s thesis?

Madonna and Child - Bartolo

Madonna and Child

European Art: West Gallery»

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